| |
|
|
| Specific
Instruments |
|
Declaration on Territorial Asylum |
 |
| Date of adoption:
14/12/1967 |
Entry into
force:
- |
| System of protection:
Universal |
|
Statute of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees |
|
| Date of adoption:
14/12/1950 |
Entry into
force:
- |
| System of protection:
Universal |
|
Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa |
|
| Date of adoption:
10/9/1969 |
Entry into
force:
20/6/1974 |
| System of protection:
Organization of African Unity |
|
Addis Ababa Document on Refugees and Forced Population Displacements in Africa |
|
| Date of adoption:
10/9/1994 |
Entry into
force:
- |
| System of protection:
Organization of African Unity |
|
Inter-american Convention on the International Return of Children |
|
| Date of adoption:
15/7/1989 |
Entry into
force:
4/11/1994 |
| System of protection:
Organization of American States |
|
European Agreement on the Abolition of Visas for Refugees |
|
| Date of adoption:
20/4/1959 |
Entry into
force:
4/9/1960 |
| System of protection:
Council of Europe |
|
European Agreement on Transfer of Responsibility for Refugees |
|
| Date of adoption:
16/10/1980 |
Entry into
force:
1/12/1980 |
| System of protection:
Council of Europe |
|
Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness |
|
| Date of adoption:
30/8/1961 |
Entry into
force:
13/12/1975 |
| System of protection:
Universal |
|
Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees |
|
| Date of adoption:
16/12/1966 |
Entry into
force:
4/10/1967 |
| System of protection:
Universal |
|
Protocol No. 4 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, securing certain rights and freedoms other than those already included in the Convention and in the first Protocol thereto |
|
| Date of adoption:
16/9/1963 |
Entry into
force:
2/5/1968 |
| System of protection:
Council of Europe |
|
Protocol No. 7 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms |
|
| Date of adoption:
22/11/1984 |
Entry into
force:
1/11/1988 |
| System of protection:
Council of Europe |
|
Convention relating to the Status of Refugees |
|
| Date of adoption:
28/7/1951 |
Entry into
force:
22/4/1954 |
| System of protection:
Universal |
|
Declaration on the Human Rights of Individuals Who are not Nationals of the Country in which They Live |
|
| Date of adoption:
13/12/1985 |
Entry into
force:
- |
| System of protection:
Universal |
| |
|
|
| General
Instruments |
 |
|
Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action |
|
| Date of adoption:
25/6/1993 |
Entry into
force:
- |
| System of protection:
Universal |
|
American Convention on Human Rights (Pact of San Jose, Costa Rica) |
|
| Date of adoption:
22/11/1969 |
Entry into
force:
18/7/1978 |
| System of protection:
Organization of American States |
|
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union |
|
| Date of adoption:
7/12/2000 |
Entry into
force:
- |
| System of protection:
European Union |
|
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) |
|
| Date of adoption:
10/12/1948 |
Entry into
force:
- |
| System of protection:
Universal |
|
American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man |
|
| Date of adoption:
2/5/1948 |
Entry into
force:
- |
| System of protection:
Organization of American States |
| |
|
|
| Articles |
|
|
Harmonisation of asylum law and policy within the European Union: a human rights perspective |
|
|
Hannah GARRY |
| Latest update:
23/06/2003 |
First published:
2002 |
| Reference:
Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights, vol. 20 (2002) no. 2 (p. 163 - 184) |
|
The article deals with the harmonisation of European asylum policy which lies within the goal of greater economic and political intergration. Focus is placed on the human rights problems the harmonisation may bring. |
|
International refugee protection 50 years on: The protection challenges of the past, present and future |
|
|
Erika FELLER |
| Latest update:
30/12/2002 |
First published:
30/9/2001 |
| Reference:
International Review of the Red Cross, No. 843, p. 581-606 |
|
Refugee protection regime and its key components - Past developments in the refugee field - 1951 Convention - Current protection challenges - Debates. |
|
Refugee law and international humanitarian law: Parallels, lessons and looking ahead A non-governmental organization's view |
|
|
Rachel BRETT - Eve LESTER |
| Latest update:
30/12/2002 |
First published:
30/9/2001 |
| Reference:
International Review of the Red Cross No. 843. p. 713-726 |
|
There is a conceptual parallel between international refugee law and international humanitarian law. Both originated in the need to address the protection of persons in the hands of a State of which they are not nationals... |
|
Human rights and refugees: enhancing protection through international human rights law |
|
|
Brian GORLICK |
| Latest update:
27/10/2002 |
First published:
22/9/2001 |
| Reference:
The Journal of Humanitarian Assistance, New Issues In Refugee Research, Working Paper No. 30 |
|
The system of refugee protection under international law - Current barriers - Legal obligations of states - UN human rights mechanisms, their contribution - Basic legal instruments - Individual complaints - Jurisprudence. |
|
Refugees, Rights, and Human Security |
|
|
Colin HARVEY |
| Latest update:
21/10/2002 |
First published:
2/2001 |
| Reference:
Refuge (Vol. 19, Issue No. 4) February 2001 |
|
This essay explores the connection between discourses of membership, and refugee and human rights law. The argument is that state practice is often anchored in conceptions of democracy that refugee advocates must challenge at a fundamental level. |
| |
|
|
| Websites |
|
|
Amnesty International |
| Languages:
Arabic English French Spanish |
 |
|
Country reports and the latest news releases, information on AI latest campaigns and appeals for action to help protect human rights. Section "Library": Research available by country / region / theme.
Links to hundreds of human rights websites. |
|
ECRE: The European Council on Refugees and Exiles |
| Languages:
English French |
|
|
ECRE's policy and research papers, speeches, observations and press releases are available in full text format on their website and cover a range of comprehensive issues in European states concerning refugees and asylum seekers. |
|
Hastings University Center for Gender and Refugee Studies (CGRS) |
| Languages:
English |
|
|
Summaries of individual gender asylum cases and decisions - Law and legal documents, including decisions by immigration judges, gender guidelines, international case law, UN documents, briefs, and scholarly articles - Experts - Links - Campaigns. |
|
Human Rights Watch - Defending Human Rights Worldwide |
| Languages:
Arabic Chinese English French Portuguese Russian Spanish |
|
|
The official site of Human Rights Watch - an independent NGO.
News releases - Current events - Publications - Info by country - Campaigns - Issues -Reports - Links... Search engine. A very informative site. |
|
AHRC: Australian Human Rights Center |
| Languages:
English |
|
|
Links to publications, the Australian Journal of Human Rights and Human Rights Defender, Information relevant to refugee law. Good database, part of the AustLII (Australasian Legal Information Institute). |
|
Eurasylum |
| Languages:
English |
|
|
The top navigation bar offers good links to national migration authorities - journals on refugee law - policy and offical documents -practical information and resources for determining asylum seeker status -statistics. |
|
Human Rights in China |
| Languages:
Chinese English |
|
|
The official site of an international non-governmental organization. Publications - Research reports - Reports on human rights conditions in China, Tibet, Hong Kong - Campaigns - Activities - News - Useful links... |
|
OHCHR - Nationality, Statelessness, Asylum and Refugees |
| Languages:
English French Spanish |
|
|
UN Documents and reports - News Room. |
|
Runnymede |
| Languages:
English |
|
|
Website of the think tank Runnymede - Ethnicity and cultural diversity - Publications on line |
|
Human Rights Monitor : Human Rights News From Around the Globe |
| Languages:
English |
|
|
The primary goal of this site is to compile news articles and commentaries that address issues of human rights from news sources throughout the world.
People and organizations (human rights actors) - Discussions - links to web sites. |
| |
|
|
| Selected
Case Law |
|
|
Conka v. Belgium |
|
| Date:
5/2/2002 |
| Decision-making body:
European Court of Human Rights |
| Legal reference:
ECHR, 5 February 2002,. n° 51564/99. |
|
Foreigners on an illegal stay - Arrested on a false motive in order to deport - Violations of Art. 5 - Collective deportation - Violation of Art. 4, Protocol 4 - Remedy before the Council of State had no suspensive effect - Violation of Art. 13. |
|
Conka v. Belgium |
|
| Date:
5/2/2002 |
| Decision-making body:
European Court of Human Rights |
| Legal reference:
ECHR, 5 February 2002, n° 51564/99. |
|
Foreigners on an illegal stay - Arrested on a false motive in order to deport - Violations of Art. 5 - Collective deportation - Violation of Art. 4, Protocol 4 - Remedy before the Council of State had no suspensive effect - Violation of Art. 13. |
|
Chahal v. the United Kingdom |
|
| Date:
5/11/1996 |
| Decision-making body:
European Court of Human Rights |
| Legal reference:
ECHR, 15 November 1996, Recueil 1996-V. n° 70/1995/576/662 |
|
Deportation - Assessment of the risk of being subjected to ill treatment - Deportation motivated by the requirements of national security - Individual engaged in undesirable or dangerous activities - Absolute character of Article 3 ECHR. |
|
Vilvarajah and Others v. the United Kingdom |
|
| Date:
30/10/1991 |
| Decision-making body:
European Court of Human Rights |
| Legal reference:
ECHR, 30 December 1991, Series A, vol. 215 |
|
Risk of ill-treatment in case of forced return - Articles 3 and 13 ECHR - Right to a remedy at national level enabling a national authority both to deal with the substance of the relevant Convention complaint and to grant appropriate relief. |
|
Cruz Varas and Others v. Sweden |
|
| Date:
20/3/1991 |
| Decision-making body:
European Court of Human Rights |
| Legal reference:
ECHR, 20 March 1991, A-201, n° 46/1990/237/307. |
|
Expulsion of an asylum seeker - Alleged risk of being subject to torture or inhuman or degrading treatment in the country of origin - Article 3 - Circumstances of the instant case - Absence of serious and established risk - No violation. |
|
Anna Maroufidou v. Sweden |
|
| Date:
8/4/1981 |
| Decision-making body:
Human Rights Committee |
| Legal reference:
Communication No. 58/1979 : Sweden. 08/04/81. CCPR/C/12/D/58/1979 |
|
Political refugee implicated in the act of a terrorist organization - Expulsion based on a decision made in conformity with the law - No violation of Article 13 - Interpretation and application of national law made in good faith. |
| |
|
|
| Case Law
Websites |
|
|
Commonwealth Human Rights Case Law Database (The) |
| Languages:
English |
|
|
Allows you to browse or search for summaries of recent human rights decisions from national courts in Commonwealth jurisdictions. |
|
Council of Europe - Human Rights Web |
| Languages:
English French |
|
|
Search the case-law of the European Convention on Human Rights control bodies. |
|
International Human Rights Law Database (The) |
| Languages:
English |
|
|
A resource for those seeking summaries and commentaries on international human rights case law, the database allows searches by text, 47 subjects, 81 states, 9 treaties, 9 decisionmaking bodies, and date. A powerful and quick database. |
|
Repertorio de Jurisprudencia del Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos |
| Languages:
Spanish |
|
|
Directory of the case law of the Inter-American Court 1980 - 1997. |
|
University of Michigan Law School - Refugee Caselaw Site (The) |
| Languages:
English |
|
|
Collects, and publishes selected recent court decisions that interpret the legal definition of a "refugee." It presently contains cases from the highest national courts of Australia, Austria, Canada, Germany, New Zealand, USA, UK and Switzerland. |
| |
|
|
| Reports |
|
|
Open Letter to Member States of the European Union |
|
|
The intergovernmental and non-governmental agencies and organizations working for the protection of the human rights of the Internally Displaced Persons |
Date:
6/6/2002 |
| Reference:
Palais d'Egmont, Brussels |
| Source:
The intergovernmental and non-governmental agencies and organizations working for the protection of the human rights of the Internally Displaced Persons |
|
|
|
Refugees, Asylum Seekers, Migrants, and Internally Displaced Persons |
|
|
Human Rights Watch |
Date:
2002 |
| Reference:
World Report 2002, Special Issues and Campaigns |
| Source:
Human Rights Watch |
|
Annual Report by Human Rights Watch.
Introduction: The Year in Profile - Refugee Protection Post September 11 - The Crisis in Guinea - Combating Racism and Xenophobia Against Refugees and Migrants - Conclusion: The Challenges Ahead. |
|
Durban Declaration and Programme of Action |
|
|
HCNUDH / OHCHR |
Date:
8/9/2001 |
| Reference:
HCNUDH / OHCHR |
| Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights |
|
Reference material gives researchers and human rights law practitioners access to key human rights instruments and other essential information.
The Declaration and the Programme of Action adopted at the World Conference against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance. |
|
For the Record 2001: The United Nations Human Rights System |
|
|
Human Rights Internet |
Date:
2001 |
| Reference:
Human Rights Internet, 2001 |
| Source:
Human Rights Internet |
|
FTR is an electronic annual report that provides summaries of relevant human rights information generated within the UN system. An important reference tool for those active in national and international social justice movements, the report also aids in simplifying the human rights work of the UN for the uninitiated, members of national legislative assemblies, journalists, students, teachers and the general public.
Produced with the support of the Canadian Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade since 1997, the report is organized thematically as well as by country and covers all relevant UN documentation over a full calendar year. These include: State reports prepared for the six human rights treaty bodies and the concluding observations of the experts who review those reports; documentation, resolutions and decisions by various UN system bodies. |
|
For the Record 2001: The European Human Rights System |
|
|
Human Rights Internet & Netherlands Institute of Human Rights / Internet des droits humains et l' Institut néerlandais des droits de l'homme |
Date:
2001 |
| Reference:
- |
| Source:
Human Rights Internet & Netherlands Institute of Human Rights |
|
A review of the major human rights developments in the European human rights system (within the Council of Europe). Organized thematically and by country. Focuses on developments in the scope of: European Convention on Human Rights; European Social Charter; European Convention for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment and its protocols; Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities; and the European Commission against Racism and Intolerance.
A major distinguishing feature of FTR Europe is that it contains summaries of human rights case law. |
|
Forced Evictions and Human Rights |
|
|
HCDH / OHCHR |
Date:
5/1996 |
| Reference:
Fact Sheet No. 25 |
| Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights |
|
The human rights Fact Sheet Series is published by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) in Geneva. |
|
Human Rights and Refugees |
|
|
HCDH / OHCHR |
Date:
inconnue |
| Reference:
Fact Sheet No. 20 |
| Source:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights |
|
The human rights Fact Sheet Series is published by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) in Geneva. |
| |
|
|
| Books |
|
|
The Price of Indifference: Refugees and Humanitarian Action in the New Century |
|
|
Arthur HELTON |
| Reference:
Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2002 |
| Languages:
English |
|
By describing in the first chapters of the book the conflicts in former Yugoslavia, Cambodia, Haiti, as well as East Timor the author answers the question "why refugees matter". Then he offers his "tool box" of responses to refugee emergencies. |
|
Migrant Workers in International Human Rights Law: Their Protection in Countries of Employment |
|
|
Ryszard CHOLEWINSKI |
| Reference:
Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1997 |
| Languages:
English |
|
A broad definition of migrant workers and an expansive approach to their rights. The author analyses general international legal standards, the work of the ILO and the UN Convention, and the Council of Europe and EU standards and policies. |
|
Vers un droit commun de l'humanité : Entretien avec Philippe Petit |
|
|
Mireille DELMAS-MARTY |
| Reference:
Paris, Conversations pour demain, Textuel, 1996 |
| Languages:
French |
|
Reflections on the decline of the political power and the rise of the legal power. The history of the common right in Europe and human rights. Specific issues: the rights of homosexuals, of immigrants and of impoverished. |
|
L'émergence d'une politique européenne d'asile |
|
|
C. Dias Urbanos de Sousa, Ph. De Bruycker Ed. |
| Reference:
Bruxelles, Faculté de droit de l'ULB, Bruylant, 2004 |
| Languages:
English French |
|
A collection of studies on the emergence of a European asylum policy, which results from the implementation of the Amsterdam Treaty. Completes the Odysseus network's first book on the emergence of a European policy migration (Bruylant, 2003). |
|
Cinquantième anniversaire de la Convention européenne des droits de l'homme |
|
|
C. Teitgen-Colly Ed. - Catherine TEITGEN-COLLY |
| Reference:
Bruxelles, Droit & Justice 33, Nemesis - Bruylant, 2002 |
| Languages:
French |
|
Conference(2000)
I. Origins of the ECHR
II. Influence of the ECHR
(recent democraties, futur)
III. Case-law (access to law, fair trial, freedom of speech, foreigners, relations between private persons)
IV. French judges and the ECHR |
|
L'Union européenne et la gouvernance |
|
|
F. Snyder Ed. |
| Reference:
Bruxelles, Travaux du CERIC, Bruylant, 2003 |
| Languages:
English French |
|
While focusing on governance in the EU integration process, the book studies a number of Human Rights-related issues, such as the regulation of the Internet, the common asylum policy and the positioning the EU HR system in its international context. |
|
Les mesures relatives aux étrangers à l'épreuve de la Convention européenne des droits de l'homme |
|
|
P. Lambert, C. Pettiti Ed. |
| Reference:
Bruxelles, Droit & Justice, Bruylant, 2003 |
| Languages:
French |
|
Collected papers from a 2003 seminar dedicated to the European Court of Human Rights' case-law related to the various situations that non-national foreigners are confronted with (non admission, asylum, deportation, "double punishment"). |
| |
|
|
| Periodicals |
|
|
Human Rights Tribune |
|
| Reference:
Ottawa, Human Rights Internet |
| Contact:
hri@hri.ca |
http://www.hri.ca/cftribune/ |
| Languages:
English |
|
A tri-yearly publication of HRI (Human Rights Internet). Addresses all areas of human rights from a non-governmental perspective world-wide. Articles about important events - NGO reports - Analysis of the work of human rights organizations. |
|
International Journal of Refugee Law |
|
| Reference:
Oxford, Oxford University Press |
| Contact:
jnl.info@oup.co.uk |
http://www3.oup.co.uk/reflaw/ |
| Languages:
English |
|
In addition to publishing original articles, the journal also features regular sections containing selected documents, case abstracts and comments, book reviews and annotated bibliographies of reports and other publications.
|
|
Refuge (Canada's Periodical on Refugees) |
|
| Reference:
Canada, Centre for Refugee Studies at York University |
| Contact:
refuge@yorku.ca |
http://www.yorku.ca/crs/Refuge/refuge.htm |
| Languages:
English |
|
A quarterly inter-disciplinary, refereed journal featuring articles by leading experts in the field of migration studies. Issues: Migration and Population; International Human Rights and Refugee Studies; Gendered dimensions of refugee studies; etc. |
|
UNHCR: New Issues in Refugee Research |
|
| Reference:
UNHCR |
| Contact:
Jeff Crisp (crisp@unhcr.ch) |
http://www.jha.ac |
| Languages:
English |
|
This series of working papers is prepared by UNHCR staff members, consultants, interns and associates and cover a variety of issues related to refugees.
Regional issues : Africa, Bosnia, Central Asia, Central America...
Forced migration - Asylum... |
| |
|
|
| Human Rights
Actors |
|
|
African Community Resource Center (ACRC) |
|
|
http://www.africancommunitycenter.org |
Type:NGO (Non-Governmental Organization) |
|
Empowers refugees and immigrants in California, in particular the African refugee and immigrant community. |
|
American Near East Refugee Aid (ANERA) |
|
|
http://www.anera.org |
Type:NGO (Non-Governmental Organization) |
|
Organization for the aid to refugee and displaced Palestians in Middle East. |
|
European Council on Refugees and Exiles (ECRE) |
|
|
http://www.ecre.org |
Type:Network |
|
ECRE is an umbrella organisation of 72 refugee-assisting agencies in 28 countries working towards fair and humane policies for the treatment of asylum seekers and refugees. |
|
Human Rights and Human Diversity Initiative (University of Nebraska-Lincoln) () |
|
|
http://www.unl.edu/HumanR/index.html |
Type:Research / Education |
|
Goal: to examine issues related to human rights in an international perspective. Relationship between cultural diversity and human rights. Universality of HR. Minorities: refugees, voluntary migrants, and indigenous peoples. Human rights protectors. |
|
Human Rights Centre, University of California, Berkeley () |
|
|
http://www.hrcberkeley.org/ |
Type:Research / Education |
|
"the Human Rights Center conducts interdisciplinary research on emerging issues in international human rights and humanitarian law. Our research focuses on war crimes, justice and postwar reconstruction, health and human rights, and refugees". |
|
International Center for Migration, Ethnicity and Citizenship (ICMEC) |
|
|
http://www.newschool.edu/icmec/ |
Type:Research / Education |
|
Scholarly research and public policy analysis bearing on international migration, refugees, and the incorporation of newcomers. Causes of large international migrations and refugee flows, Patterns of demographic change and policies, etc.... |
|
International Organization for Migration (IOM) |
|
|
http://www.iom.int/ |
Type:International or Regional Organization |
|
Acts to: assist in meeting the growing operational challenges of migration management - Advance understanding of migration issues - Encourage social and economic development through migration - Uphold the human dignity and well-being of migrants. |
|
Jesuit Refugee Service (JRS) |
|
|
http://www.jesref.org/ |
Type:NGO (Non-Governmental Organization) |
|
The Jesuit Refugee Service is an international Catholic organisation, at work in over 40 countries, with a mission is to accompany, serve and defend the rights of refugees and forcibly displaced people. The mission given to JRS embraces all who are d |
|
Refugee Studies Centre (RSC) |
|
|
http://www.qeh.ox.ac.uk/rsp/indexrsp.html |
Type:Research / Education |
|
Multidisciplinary research and teaching on the causes and consequences of forced migration; disseminates the results of that research to policy makers, practitioners, and the academic community; tries to understand the experience of forced migration. |
|
Representative of the Secretary-General on internally displaced persons () |
|
|
http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu2/7/b/midp.htm |
Type:United Nations System |
|
Four main areas of work: the development of a normative framework; the development of an effective institutional framework at the international, regional and national levels; country missions; and on-going research into specific issues of concern. |
|
Runnymede () |
|
|
http://www.runnymedetrust.org |
Type:Research / Education |
|
Founded in 1968, Runnymede is a leading independent think tank on ethnicity and cultural diversity. Our mandate since inception has been to challenge racial discrimination, to influence related legislation and to promote a successful multi-ethnic Britain. |
|
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Office of the (UNHCR) |
|
|
http://www.unhcr.ch/ |
Type:United Nations System |
|
A humanitarian, non-political organization aiming to protect refugees and to help them restart their lives in a normal environment. Promotes international refugee agreements - Monitors government compliance with international refugee law. |
| |
|
|